Brett McGurk is a CNN global affairs analyst who served in senior national security positions under Presidents George W. Bush, Barack Obama, Donald Trump and Joe Biden.

As the dust settles from President Donald Trump’s visit to the Middle East, obstacles are coming into view. The most difficult might once again be Hamas.

Under this new deal, Hamas is no longer a threat to Israel. But it remains a significant threat to Palestinians — and to a broader peace.

Over the last week, reports have emerged from areas of Gaza where Hamas remains in control that the group is rounding up Palestinians who might oppose its rule and conducting executions in the streets. This shows once again that Hamas’ aims have nothing to do with dignity and justice for Palestinians, but only with its continued iron grip on Gaza.

Make no mistake: As long as Hamas remains the only security provider for the population in Gaza, there is no hope for the reconstruction of Gaza nor for a longer-term peace.

Gaza’s new map

The first phase of Trump’s Gaza deal effectively bifurcates the enclave, with Israeli forces controlling more than half the territory and Hamas the rest. This delineation is outlined by a yellow line, and under the plan remains the status quo until an interim international security force can replace Israeli units.

This new map is a massive retreat by Hamas — something the terrorist group never once contemplated over a year of difficult talks over ceasefires and hostage releases. The result also meets one of Israel’s core demands from the start: ensuring that Hamas can never again reconstitute adjacent to or anywhere near Israel’s borders.

But what about Hamas in the areas above the yellow line? Trump’s deal says that even there the group must disarm and cannot remain in power in any capacity. This week, Trump has made clear he intends to hold to that, warning on Thursday that if Hamas keeps killing people in Gaza, “We will have no choice but to go in and kill them.”

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