In a major scientific breakthrough, researchers from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have finally cracked a decades-old mystery about how photosynthesis begins — and why energy inside plants flows in one direction only.
Their joint study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) in early July, revealed that electrons, which carry energy during photosynthesis, travel exclusively along one of two possible routes inside a vital protein complex.
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This discovery solves a puzzle that ha
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