October 2025 was the third-warmest globally on record, according to data from the EU’s Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).
The month recorded an average surface air temperature of 15.14°C, 0.70°C above the 1991-2020 average for October, according to the ERA5 dataset, which uses billions of measurements from satellites, ships, aircraft and weather stations around the world.
C3S now says 2025 is virtually certain to finish as the second- or third-warmest year on record, possibly tied with 2023, the current second-warmest year, and behind 2024, the warmest year on record.
Copernicus says the f
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