Trump’s hostility toward NATO and ambiguity in relation to Article 5 means that Europe can no longer rely on the United States to come to its defense if Russia attacks. Despite Trump’s occasional feel-good rhetoric about NATO, his unpredictability and unreliability fundamentally undermine the credibility of U.S. commitments to Europe, which are central to NATO’s deterrence.

Europe’s security architecture is being remade in real time. Russia’s war against Ukraine and U.S. President Donald Trump’s return to office has challenged the basic premises on which European security rests. Europe is under threat from Russia and has lost the United States as its ultimate security guarantor.

Europe’s security architecture is being remade in real time. Russia’s war against Ukraine and U.S. President Donald Trump’s return to office has challenged the basic premises on which European security rests. Europe is under threat from Russia and has lost the United States as its ultimate security guarantor.

Trump’s hostility toward NATO and ambiguity in relation to Article 5 means that Europe can no longer rely on the United States to come to its defense if Russia attacks. Despite Trump’s occasional feel-good rhetoric about NATO, his unpredictability and unreliability fundamentally undermine the credibility of U.S. commitments to Europe, which are central to NATO’s deterrence.

Reports of the United States planning to further reduce the number of its troops in Europe and cut security assistance to front-line states is testament to Washington’s withdrawal from Europe. On its way out, the United States may very well take Greenland with it—an act that would blow up NATO and bury an