As they have vied for control of the country, both the Sudanese military and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have been accused of atrocities by regional and international actors. But the RSF in particular faces allegations of genocide, including by the United States, against non-Arab communities. The fall of El Fasher in Darfur to the RSF in October has led to the ongoing massacre of thousands of civilians.
In 2025, as Sudan’s civil war entered its third year, the international community began to sound the alarm about crimes against humanity in what is widely considered the world’s worst humanitarian crisis. The numbers are staggering: The conflict has killed an estimated 150,000 people, displaced nearly 13 million, and left more than 21 million facing severe hunger. Pools of blood and mass graves are reportedly visible from space.
In 2025, as Sudan’s civil war ent
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