A new scientific study suggests that the sudden collapse of the ancient Indus River Valley civilization, known for its advanced urban planning, brick buildings, early plumbing systems and vibrant trade networks, was driven not by warfare or political upheaval but by a series of prolonged and intensifying droughts.

The Indus civilization, centered in present-day Pakistan and northwest India, flourished between 3300 and 1300 B.C., rivaling Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt in sophisticat

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