One year after M23 rebels captured Goma, residents of the city in the Democratic Republic of Congo are looking for ways to cope with the trauma.

January 2025 is deeply etched in the collective memory of Goma residents. Late that month, the capital of the eastern Congolese province of North Kivu fell to the AFC-M23 rebel alliance after heavy fighting.

One year later, the city is trying to recover — but the scars of violence remain. Trauma, loss, and economic hardship continue to shape the daily lives of around 900,000 inhabitants there.

One year under M23 rule in Goma To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video

A long and complicated conflict

The eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been one of the most unstable regions in Africa for decades. Armed groups, ethnic tensions, regional power interests, and the struggle for valuable raw materials all compete.

The M23 rebellion is part of this complex conflict.

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