It has now been four years since Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In February 2022, many observers predicted a short conflict. Instead, the war has become one of the defining geopolitical crises of our time. Ukraine has demonstrated remarkable resilience in defending its sovereignty and territorial integrity. Yet the consequences of this war extend far beyond Ukraineโs borders, reshaping regional and global security in profound ways.
The conflict has fundamentally altered Europeโs security architecture. It has tested international law, challenged multilateral institutions, and placed trans-Atlantic solidarity under significant strain. NATO has adapted its posture, European states have increased defense spending, and strategic autonomy has reemerged as a central debate within the European Union.
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